シュードモナス科
シュードモナス科(ーか、Pseudomonadaceae)とは真性細菌の科の一つである。
シュードモナス科 | |||||||||||||||
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![]() UVライト下で蛍光を呈するシュードモナス・フルオレッセンス(Pseudomonas fluorescens)
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分類 | |||||||||||||||
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学名 | |||||||||||||||
Pseudomonadaceae Winslow et al. 1917[1] (IJSEMリストに掲載 1980)[2] | |||||||||||||||
タイプ属 | |||||||||||||||
シュードモナス属 Pseudomonas Migula 1894[3] (IJSEMリストに掲載 1980)[2] 修正 Yang et al. 2013[4] (IJSEMリストに掲載 2014)[5] | |||||||||||||||
シノニム | |||||||||||||||
下位分類(属) | |||||||||||||||
本文を参照 |
歴史
編集シュードモナス菌(Pseudomonad)はギリシャ語のpseudo (ψευδο - 偽の)とmonos (μονος - 一団)との成語であり、直訳で「偽の一団」の意味である。"monad"は微生物学の初期から用いられてきた用語であり、単細胞生物を指す。シュードモナス菌は普遍的に存在する微生物であるため、微生物学の初期からその存在を認識されており、研究されてきた。シュードモナス属(Pseudomonas)という語は1894年に登場した。当時は、グラム陰性で桿状かつ胞子生産性の細菌という非常に漠然とした定義であった。シュードモナス菌は膨大な種類のニッチから単離され、非常に多くの種がシュードモナス属に分類されることになった。種の振り分けが見直され、新たに制定された分類法と、生体高分子(核酸やタンパク質)に基づく手法により多くの種は再分類された。
アゾトバクター科(Azotobacteriaceae)は2004年にこの科に統合された[7]。
2000年にシュードモナス属(Pseudomonas)の複数の種について完全ゲノムのシークエンシングが行われた。以降、P. aeruginosa PAO1 (2000)やP. putida KT2440 (2002)、P. fluorescens Pf-5 (2005)、P. fluorescens PfO-1、P. entomophila L48についても完全ゲノムの解読がなされた。Pseudomonas syringaeの植物病原種 ― pathovar tomato DC3000 (2003)やpathovar syringae B728a (2005)、pathovar phaseolica 1448A (2005) ― のDNAシークエンシングも行われた。
特性
編集- シトクロムCオキシダーゼを有するため、オキシダーゼ陽性
- 非発酵性
- グリセルアルデヒド-6-リン酸脱水素酵素とアルドラーゼによるエントナー・ドゥドロフ経路を有するため、グルコース代謝能を持つ。
- 胞子産生性でかつ運動性を示す。
- 多くの種が蛍光色素のピオベルジンを産生する[8]。
オキシダーゼ活性と胞子産生性、発酵不活性である点が、同じガンマプロテオバクテリア綱の腸内細菌科と異なる[9]。
下位分類(属)
編集IJSEMに正式承認された属
編集以下にシュードモナス科に属する属を列挙する(2024年6月現在)[10]。
- Wang et al. 2020[22]
- Nishimura et al. 1989[23]
- 後藤正夫と桑田博隆 1988[26]、修正 Stackebrandt et al. 2009[27] (IJSEMリストに掲載 1980)[28]、修正 Imai et al. 2013[29] (IJSEMリストに掲載 1980)[30]
IJSEMに未承認の属
編集- "Alginomonas" アルギノモナス属
- Thjotta and Kass 1945[37]
- "Alginovibrio" アルギノビブリオ属
- Thjotta and Kass 1945[37]
- "Azotomonas" アゾトモナス属
- Orla-Jensen 1909[38]
- "Protaminobacter" プロタミノバクター属
- Den Dooren-De Jong 1926[39]
- "Saccharomonas" サッカロモナス属
- Shimwell 1950[40]
- "Sporovibrio" スポロビブリオ属
- Starkey 1938[41]
- Azomonotrichon アゾモノトリコン属
- Flavimonas フラビモナス属
- Neopseudomonas ネオシュードモナス属
- Saati-Santamaría et al. 2021[20] (IJSEMリストに掲載 2021)[21]
- Halopseudomonas ハロシュードモナス属のシノニム[11]
- Oblitimonas オブリチモナス属
- Drobish et al. 2016[45] (IJSEMリストに掲載 2021)[46]
- Thiopseudomonas チオシュードモナス属のシノニム[11]
- Parapseudomonas パラシュードモナス属
- Serpens サーペンス属
- Stutzerimonas
脚注
編集- ^ C.-E. A. Winslow, Jean Broadhurst, R. E. Buchanan, Charles Krumwiede, Jr., L. A. Rogers, George H. (1 September 1917). “The Families and Genera of the Bacteria: Preliminary Report of the Committee of the Society of American Bacteriologists on Characterization and Classification of Bacterial Types”. Journal of Bacteriology 2 (5): 505-66. PMC 378727. PMID 16558764 .
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- ^ a b Migula W. (1894). “Arbeiten aus dem Bakteriologischen Institut der Technischen Hochschule zu Karlsruhe”. Über ein neues System der Bakterien 1: 235-238.
- ^ a b Guiqin Yang, Luchao Han, Junlin Wen and Shungui Zhou (01 December 2013). “Pseudomonas guangdongensis sp. nov., isolated from an electroactive biofilm, and emended description of the genus Pseudomonas Migula 1894”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 63 (Pt_12): 4599-4605. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.054676-0. PMID 23918787.
- ^ a b Aharon Oren and George M. Garrity (01 March 2014). “Notification that new names of prokaryotes, new combinations and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 63, part 12, of the IJSEM”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 64 (Pt_3): 697-699. doi:10.1099/ijs.0.061861-0.
- ^ Pribram E. (1933). “F. Deuticke”. Klassification der Schizomyceten.
- ^ Rediers H, Vanderleyden J, De Mot R (2004). “Azotobacter vinelandii: a Pseudomonas in disguise?”. Microbiology 150 (Pt 5): 1117–9. doi:10.1099/mic.0.27096-0. PMID 15133068.
- ^ Meyer J (2000). “Pyoverdines: pigments, siderophores and potential taxonomic markers of fluorescent Pseudomonas species”. Arch Microbiol 174 (3): 135–42. doi:10.1007/s002030000188. PMID 11041343.
- ^ Williams & Wilkins (1984). Krieg, N.R.. ed. Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 1. ISBN 0-683-04108-8
- ^ Jean P. Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte. “Family Pseudomonadaceae”. List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. 2024年6月22日閲覧。
- ^ a b c d e f Bashudev Rudra and Radhey S. Gupta (21 September 2021). “Phylogenomic and comparative genomic analyses of species of the family Pseudomonadaceae: Proposals for the genera Halopseudomonas gen. nov. and Atopomonas gen. nov., merger of the genus Oblitimonas with the genus Thiopseudomonas, and transfer of some misclassified species of the genus Pseudomonas into other genera”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 71 (9). doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.005011. PMID 34546867.
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- ^ a b c d Bashudev Rudra, Radhey S. Gupta (2024 Jan 5). “Phylogenomics studies and molecular markers reliably demarcate genus Pseudomonas sensu stricto and twelve other Pseudomonadaceae species clades representing novel and emended genera”. Frontiers in Microbiology 14: 1273665. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1273665. PMC 10797017. PMID 38249459 .
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- ^ B. Holmes, A. G. Steigerwalt, R. E. Weaver and Don J. Brenner (01 April 1986). “Chryseomonas polytricha gen. nov., sp. nov., a Pseudomonas-Like Organism from Human Clinical Specimens and Formerly Known as Group Ve-1”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 36 (2): 161-165. doi:10.1099/00207713-36-2-161.
- ^ a b B. Holmes, A. G. Steigerwalt, R. E. Weaver and Don J. Brenner (01 July 1987). “Chryseomonas luteola comb. nov. and Flavimonas oryzihabitans gen. nov., comb. nov., Pseudomonas-Like Species from Human Clinical Specimens and Formerly Known, Respectively, as Groups Ve-1 and Ve-2”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 37 (3): 245-250. doi:10.1099/00207713-37-3-245.
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- ^ Jieni Wang, Qinzhi Su, Xue Zhang, Chenyi Li, Shiqi Luo, Xin Zhou and Hao Zheng (26 September 2019). “Entomomonas moraniae gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Pseudomonadaceae isolated from Asian honey bee gut, possesses a highly reduced genome”. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 70 (1): 165-171. doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.003731. PMID 31560340.
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